Term 2: Genome Editing Could Correct Genetic Mutations for Future Generations

Anjali Kumar
Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/12/141215084942.htm
Indiana University, December 15th, 2014

Scientists at Indiana University have discovered a technique for "editing" the genome in sperm-producing adult stem cells. The researchers created an experiment where they created a break in the DNA strands of a mutant gene in mouse cells, then repaired the DNA through a process called homologous recombination, replacing flawed segments with correct ones. This particular study involved spermatogonial stem-cells, which are the foundation for the production of sperm, and therefore, contribute genetic information to the next generation. Repairing an flaws in the cells could prevent mutations from being passed down to future generations. Specially designed enzymes, called zinc finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases, were used to create a double strand break in the DNA and bring about the repair of the gene. Modified stem cells were transplanted in sterile mice, and the transplanted cells were able to thrive and grow. However, attempts to breed mice were not successful.


This is relevant to what we have learned in class because we discussed genetic mutations such as substitutions and frameshift mutations, and the effects these mutations have on people and future generations. This experiment is designed to find a way to avoid these mutations, so more people have a better quality of life.